Foreword. Introduction. 1. The Balkan didactic literature in the post-communist period . 1. Introduction. 2. The revision of the teaching of history after 1990. 3. Characteristics of the Balkan history textbooks after the fall of communism . 4. The project for a Common History. 5. Reactions against the revision of history. 6. Conclusions. 2. The evolution of history textbooks in Romania after the fall of communism. 1. Historical subjects during  internationalist communism 1944-1965. 2. Historical subjects during nationalist communism1965-1989. 3. The evolution of history textbooks after 1990. 4. The reformation stages of the history textbooks. 5. Problems brought up by alternative history textbooks. The Cluj textbook incident. 6. The historiographical implications of this incident. 7. The ethnocentric conception reflected in the didactics of history. 3. The teaching of history in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the conflict and post-conflict period. 1. Introduction. 2. The political situation of Bosnia and Herzegovina after the fall of communism. 3. Education during the conflict period. 4. Education during the post-conflict period. 5. The history textbooks. 4. The Ottoman heritage in the Balkans. 1.The toponym Balkans. 2. The Ottoman heritage in the Balkans. 3. The decline of the Ottoman Empire and its effects on the Balkan Peples. 4. Muslim minorities from South-Eastern Europe: a heritage of the Ottoman period. 5. Romanian-Turkish relations and the Turkish-Tatar minority from Romania. 1. Romanian-Turkish relations . 2. The Turkish-Tatar minority from Romania. 6. Bosnia and its Ottoman heritage. 1. Bosnia during the Ottoman period . 2. Bosnia after the Ottoman period. 3. The Bosnians during the communist period. 4. Post-communist Bosnia. 5. Relations with Turkey. 7. The image of the Turks in the Romanian history textbooks during the post-communist period. 1. The formation and expansion of the Ottoman Empire. 2. Christianity versus Islam. 3 The fight against the Ottomans conducted by Țările Române . in the 14^th -18^th centuries . 4. The Eastern Question. 5. The Phanariote century . 6. The liberation wars of the peoples from the Ottoman Empire – The Revolution of 1821, The Independence War. 8. The image of the Turks in the Bosnian history textbooks during the post-communist period. 1. The origin and creation of the Ottoman state. 2. The organization and functioning of the Ottoman state. 3. Ottoman expansion in the Balkans. The conquest of Bosnia by the Ottomans. 4. Bosnia during the Ottoman period. 5. The decline of the Ottoman Empire – 17^th and 18^th centuries . 6. The vilayet of Bosnia during the 19^th century. 7. Ottoman influences. Conclusions. Bibliography. Illustrations.